Interactive+notes+Unit+2+Chemistry

WELCOME TO CHEMISTRY Table of contents

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 * Introduction || Methane Gas Lab
 * || Diet coke and mentos


 * || NOTES/ASSIGNMENT || Extra practice || Videos/links ||
 * Chapter 4 **Atomic theory explains the formation of compounds.



4.1** [|Atomic Theory and Bonding]

Text PDF

Read and Listen || **4.1 Powerpoint**


 * Pre-reading handout**

Read p.168-173 Q's p183 # 1,4,5,6,7,9,10 Read p.174-177 Q's p.183 # 11-13
 * Studyguide notes handout**


 * Check your understanding**


 * Bohr diagram WS**


 * Lewis Diagram WS**

|| **Bohr diagram interactive notes**
 * 4.1 wordsearch**


 * Lewis Diagram interactive notes**

WB page 60-64


 * 4.1 Interactive quiz**

http://www.bcscience.com/bc10/pgs/quiz_section4.1.htm

What do you know about the chemical elements? http://www.webelements.com/

||
 * Bohr diagram and ion WS**

Periodic trends

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Periodic trends Atomic Radii media type="youtube" key="d-hEkyYUXSo" height="344" width="425"

Electronegativity media type="youtube" key="93G_FqpGFGY" height="344" width="425"

Trends reactivity media type="youtube" key="WJe3RoCfVBk" height="344" width="425"

Lewis Diagrams

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Step by step procedure of how to draw bohr diagrams [|http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/201Lewisdiag.html]

Step by step procedure of how to draw lewis diagrams http://www.ausetute.com.au/lewisstr.html ||


 * 4.2 - [|Names and Formulas of Compounds]


 * [[image:bc10.jpg]]

4.2 text pdf

read and listen ** || **4.2 Names and Formulas of Compounds powerpoint**


 * pre-reading handout

study guide hand out

Read p.184-193** Practice problems pg 187-188 Q's p.201 # 1,2,7,8 I**onic naming WS**

Read p.193-201 Q's p.201 # 3,4,5,9,10
 * writing covalent compounds WS**[[file:chem 4.2 - mixed chemical naming wksht.doc]]


 * check your understanding**

|| **Writing names and formulas for ionic compounds**
 * 4.2 crossword**

WB page 70


 * Writing name and formulas for binary covalent compounds**

Practice problems pg 195

WB pg 69,71.71


 * Writing names names and formulas for Multivalent compounds**

Practice problems pg 190

WB pg 68


 * Writing names and formulas for polyatomic ion compounds**

Practice problems pg 193

WB pg 68

Compare Ionic and Covalent compounds pg 196 Practice problems pg 197 WB pg 73

Writing formulas for mixed covalent compounds

4. 2 Interactive Quiz http://www.bcscience.com/bc10/pgs/quiz_section4.2.htm || Naming and writing formulas for ionic and covalent compounds

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 * [|4.3 - Chemical Equations]


 * [[image:bc10.jpg]]

text pdf

Read and Listen ** || **4.3 Balancing chemical equations page 202-217 Power point notes**



Pre-reading handout

Studyguide notes handout

Read p.202-207 Q's p. 215 # 1,2 Subscripts and Coefficients w.s

Read p.207-215 Q's p.215 # 3,4 Writing /balancing eq's Balancing equations race

Flaming Lab Tests

Check your understanding handout || 4.3- Interactive Quiz http://www.bcscience.com/bc10/pgs/quiz_section4.3.htm || Physical and Chemical Changes

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Introductionmedia type="youtube" key="dQrV8RduttU" height="344" width="425" media type="youtube" key="bDiBHbM0Its" height="344" width="425"

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 * **Chapter 5 - Compounds are classified in different ways.

5.1-** [|Acids and Bases]

text pdf**
 * [[image:bc10.jpg]]

Read and Listen || Chapter 5 5.1 Acids and Bases pages220-233 Powerpoint notes

pre-reading activity handout

studyguide notes handout Read p.220-233 Q's p.233 #2,6,78,9,10 Q's p.233 # 4,5,11,12,13,14,15

check your understanding handout

Acids and Bases Lab

Formal Lab write up template

Formal Lab write up Act 5-1B page 230 || Section 5.1 WB pages 84-88

Interactive Quiz 5.2 http://www.bcscience.com/bc10/pgs/quiz_section5.1.htm || media type="youtube" key="lrknGzQgYiM" height="344" width="425"

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Acids and Bases Lab media type="youtube" key="6Y4Y-__ME60" height="344" width="425" ||
 * **5.2 - salts**


 * [[image:bc10.jpg]]

text pdf

Read and Listen ** || Section 5.2 salts page 234-239 powerpoint

pre-reading handout

studyguide notes handout Read 234-243 Q's p.243 # 1,3,4,5,6,8,9,10,11,12

check your understanding || Acids and bases make salts

[|http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/183neutral.html]

5.2 - Interactive Quiz http://www.bcscience.com/bc10/pgs/quiz_section5.2.htm || Reactions of metals with acids http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/viewdetails_ks3.aspx?id=586

Acid Rain a problem

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why is acid rain a problem media type="youtube" key="yphLO8S77MY" height="344" width="425" ACID-BASE NEUTRALIZATION

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How to write neutralization reaction equations media type="youtube" key="gRKS4BkuYEA" height="344" width="425"

Formation of salts

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Balancing equations with Acid and metal

media type="youtube" key="7-hX5vpV8tc" height="344" width="425" Metal (sodium) reacting with acids

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Potassium in HCL

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 * 5.3 - [|Organic Compounds]



text pdf

Read and Listen || 5.3 powerpoint

Pre-reading handout

Studyguide notes handout

Read p.244-251 Q's p.244-251 # 1,2,3,4,5,7,8,10,11

Check your understanding

Organic compounds wordsearch || Interactive Quiz 5.3 http://www.bcscience.com/bc10/pgs/quiz_section5.3.htm || List of organic compounds http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_organic_compounds ||
 * Chapter 5 Review || Assignment p. 252-253 # 1,2,5,6,9,11-13,15-18 19(a,c,e) 20,(a,c,e) 21,22,23 ||  ||   ||


 * || Notes/Assignment || Extra practice || Videos/Links ||
 * **Chapter 6 - Chemical reactions occur in predictable ways.

6.1** [|Types of Chemical Reactions]



text pdf

Read and Listen || 6.1 Text Page 256-271 Types of Chemical Reactions powerpoint



Pre-reading handout

Study Notes Read p.254-261 practice problems p.259-261 (# 1,2)

Read p.262-271 Q's p.271 # 1,4,5,6

Check your understanding handout ||  || **Mr. Guch's Handy Checklist for figuring out what type of reaction is taking place: ** Follow this series of questions. When you can answer "yes" to a question, then stop! 1) Does your reaction have oxygen as one of it's reactants and carbon dioxide and water as products? If yes, then it's a combustion reaction 2) Does your reaction have two (or more) chemicals combining to form one chemical? If yes, then it's a synthesis reaction 3) Does your reaction have one large molecule falling apart to make several small ones? If yes, then it's a decomposition reaction 4) Does your reaction have any molecules that contain only one element? If yes, then it's a single displacement reaction 5) Does your reaction have water as one of the products? If yes, then it's an acid-base reaction 6) If you haven't answered "yes" to any of the questions above, then you've got a double displacement reaction

http://www.zerobio.com/rxns.htm

Types of chemical changes media type="youtube" key="ul4xRy8hcsQ" height="344" width="425"

Synthesis media type="youtube" key="Ftw7a5ccubs" height="344" width="425"

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single replacement

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Combustion

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Decomposition in real life

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 * 6.2 - [|Factors Affecting the Rate of Chemical Reactions]



text pdf

Read and Listen || 6.2 powerpoint notes

pre-reading hand out

studyguide notes handout Read p.272-281 Q's p.281 # 3-6,8,10-13 (read Q#9)

check your understanding handout Types of Chemical Reactions Lab 6.2 wordsearch ||  || 6.2 : Chemical Reactions occur in predictable ways


 * Catalysts**

http://images.google.ca/imgres?imgurl=http://library.thinkquest.org/C006669/media/Chem/img/Graphs/Catalyst.gif&imgrefurl=http://library.thinkquest.org/C006669/data/Chem/kinetics/factors.html&usg=__HIYG7k4WbD0JxVranEDuoDkId_U=&h=212&w=366&sz=6&hl=en&start=22&tbnid=RNIV5nqxykzgyM:&tbnh=71&tbnw=122&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dcatalyst%2Breaction%2Brate%26start%3D20%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN

http://www.purchon.com/chemistry/rates.htm

http://www.chemguide.co.uk/physical/basicratesmenu.html


 * Catalysts**




 * Catalyst--> speed rate of reaction**

Lowers energy required to begin reaction (activation energy) Can just be a form of enrgy

Catalyst added = ton of energy released.




 * Inhibitor--> Slow rate of reaction**

stops reactions so all molecules are not used up too fast.


 * Check out how rates of reactions are extremely important in real life

Ie. Air bags in cars

http://oemairbags.com/chemistry_that_makes_air_bags_wo.htm**

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 * Rates of Reaction Labmedia type="youtube" key="X2tMg04ykI8" height="344" width="425"

Concentration and reaction rates media type="youtube" key="kjKyEdrVXJA" height="360" width="436"

Surface area and chemical reaction rates media type="youtube" key="JQdlQAwlTtg" height="344" width="425"

Temperature ad reaction rate

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Catalyst and reaction rates media type="youtube" key="mKLCRwBNOe4" height="344" width="425"**

How is this reaction occuring? What is speeding up this reaction?

Temperature

Light sticks lab

watch the movie

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Compare the cold, room temp, hot water bath glowsticks The glow stick is brighter in the hot water bath compared the cold water


 * Concentration amounts**



At the top of the graph it shows a high concentration of reactants (orange line) As the concentration of the reactants remains high the products that are created are formed at a fast rate, but as the concentration decreases (orange line) the products that are formed slow down (red line) or the curve levels off


 * Test your self**

Why does one balloon fill up with more HCL in this reaction?

media type="youtube" key="oQz5YEsx7Fo" height="344" width="425" || Q's p..282-283 # 1,2 (odd), 3, 4, 5, 7 Study for test ||  ||   ||
 * Chapter 6 Review || Assignment


 * Chapter || Assignment/Notes || Extra Practice || Videos/Links ||
 * Chapter 7 - The atomic theory explains radioactivity.


 * [[image:bc10.jpg]]

7.1 [|Atomic Theory, Isotopes, and Radioactive Decay]



Read and Listen ** || 7.1 Power point 7.1 Pre-Reading 7.1 Study notes Read p.286-301 Practice Problems p.291 #1-4 Q's p.301 #2-4, 6-13

7.1 Check your understanding || How X-rays Work by [|Tom Harris] =What's an X-Ray?= X-rays are basically the same thing as visible light rays. Both are wavelike forms of electromagnetic energy carried by particles called photons (see [|How Light Works] for details). The difference between X-rays and visible light rays is the **energy level** of the individual photons. This is also expressed as the **wavelength** of the rays. Our [|eyes] are sensitive to the particular wavelength of visible light, but not to the shorter wavelength of higher energy X-ray waves or the longer wavelength of the lower energy [|radio waves]. Visible light photons and X-ray photons are both produced by the movement of **electrons** in [|atoms]. Electrons occupy different energy levels, or orbitals, around an atom's nucleus. When an electron drops to a lower orbital, it needs to release some energy -- it releases the extra energy in the form of a photon. The energy level of the photon depends on how far the electron dropped between orbitals.



The atoms that make up your body tissue absorb visible light photons very well. The energy level of the photon fits with various energy differences between electron positions. Radio waves don't have enough energy to move electrons between orbitals in larger atoms, so they pass through most stuff. X-ray photons also pass through most things, but for the opposite reason: They have too much energy. They can, however, knock an electron away from an atom altogether. Some of the energy from the X-ray photon works to separate the electron from the atom, and the rest sends the electron flying through space. A larger atom is more likely to absorb an X-ray photon in this way, because larger atoms have greater energy differences between orbitals -- the energy level more closely matches the energy of the photon. Smaller atoms, where the electron orbitals are separated by relatively low jumps in energy, are less likely to absorb X-ray photons. The soft tissue in your body is composed of smaller atoms, and so does not absorb X-ray photons particularly well. The calcium atoms that make up your bones are much larger, so they are better at **absorbing X-ray photons**.

=The X-Ray Machine= The heart of an X-ray machine is an **electrode pair** -- a cathode and an anode -- that sits inside a **glass vacuum tube**. The cathode is a **heated filament**, like you might find in an older [|fluorescent lamp]. The machine passes current through the filament, heating it up. The heat sputters electrons off of the filament surface. The positively-charged anode, a flat disc made of **tungsten**, draws the electrons across the tube.



The voltage difference between the cathode and anode is extremely high, so the electrons fly through the tube with a great deal of force. When a speeding electron collides with a tungsten atom, it knocks loose an electron in one of the atom's lower orbitals. An electron in a higher orbital immediately falls to the lower energy level, releasing its extra energy in the form of a photon. It's a big drop, so the photon has a high energy level -- it is an X-ray photon.  **The free electron collides with the tungsten atom, knocking an electron out of a lower orbital. A higher orbital electron fills the empty position, releasing its excess energy as a photon.** Free electrons can also generate photons without hitting an atom. An atom's nucleus may attract a speeding electron just enough to alter its course. Like a comet whipping around [|the sun], the electron slows down and changes direction as it speeds past the atom. This "braking" action causes the electron to emit excess energy in the form of an X-ray photon.



**The free electron is attracted to the tungsten atom nucleus. As the electron speeds past, the nucleus alters its course. The electron loses energy, which it releases as an X-ray photon.**

The high-impact collisions involved in X-ray production generate a lot of heat. A [|motor] rotates the anode to keep it from melting (the electron beam isn't always focused on the same area). A cool oil bath surrounding the envelope also absorbs heat. The entire mechanism is surrounded by a thick lead shield. This keeps the X-rays from escaping in all directions. A small window in the shield lets some of the X-ray photons escape in a narrow beam. The beam passes through a series of filters on its way to the patient. A camera on the other side of the patient records the pattern of X-ray light that passes all the way through the patient's body. The X-ray camera uses the same film technology as an [|ordinary camera], but X-ray light sets off the chemical reaction instead of visible light. (See [|How Photographic Film Works] to learn about this process.) Generally, doctors keep the film image as a **negative**. That is, the areas that are exposed to more light appear darker and the areas that are exposed to less light appear lighter. Hard material, such as bone, appears white, and softer material appears black or gray. Doctors can bring different materials into focus by varying the intensity of the X-ray beam. || Radioactive decay video media type="youtube" key="NP9Woxbkr_M" height="344" width="425" ||
 * 7.2 - half-life

Text pdf

Read and Listen || 7.2 Half-Life powerpoint

Pre-reading handout

studyguide handout Read p.302-311 Practice Problems p.306, p.309 Q's p. 311 #1,2,6,7,9-13 check your understanding

Skittles Lab

Popcorn Lab || Practice Quiz http://www.bcscience.com/bc10/pgs/quiz_section7.2.htm || An atom will decay until it reaches a stable state!

Radio-carbon dating

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 * 7.3 [|Nuclear Reactions]

text pdf

Read and Listen || 7.3 powerpoint

pre-reading hand out

studyguide handout Read p.312-325 Q's p.325 # 1-11

check your understanding

crossword puzzle || Practice Quiz http://www.bcscience.com/bc10/pgs/quiz_section7.3.htm || Nuclear waste management http://www.nwmo.ca/Default.aspx?DN=e5ed2d5e-0d75-40e1-b3e2-3c67f955ae30

Chernobyl Fusion

Fission || Q's p.326-327 # 3-6.9-12,15,18,21,23-29 ||  ||   ||
 * Chapter 7 Review || Assignment


 * Review || Notes ||
 * Unit 2 Review || ==== Unit 2 Review Assignment: ====

Study for Unit 2 Exam on Ch.4,5,6,7
||